23. I. the transformation equations in 2-D polar co-ordinates are
; y = rsin ( )
Where, 
II. The transformation equations in 3-D spherical polar co-ordinates are x r sincos ; y = rsinsin ; z = rcos
Where, r (0,) ; (0,2) (0,2)
III. The transformation equations in 3-D cylindrical polar co-ordinates are;
Where, (,) ;(0,2)
